Explain the specific reasons why Zakariyya feels disrespected. SOCIAL STUDIES 1. Elsie, committed to Crownsville Hospital Center at a young age, was likely abused and neglected prior to her death at the institution in 1955. Rebecca at last loses her cool, however, and this, surprisingly, makes Deborah relent. Why did Deborah choose not to request a copy of her mothers medical records? PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Why did Ted Slavin start Essential Biologicals? Slavin founded Essential Biologicals, a company that sold his cells, and later cells from other people so individuals could profit form their own biological materials. Her investigation of the true story behind HeLa eventually led her to form significantand in some cases, life-changingrelationships with the surviving members of the Lacks family, especially Henriettas daughter, Deborah. One UW professor has studied the connection between patient abuse and a seemingly unrelated topic: haunted hospitals. The author uses several similes to describe cells. At the time of this books publication, how had the lives of Henriettas great-and great-great-grandchildren been affected by Skloots research, and by the knowledge and understanding of Henriettas contribution to science? Chapter Twenty-Two: The Fame She So Richly Deserves 1. 3. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. LitCharts Teacher Editions. 5. What specific things can you infer about Elsies treatment based on the description of the photograph? He had five children by a former slave named Maria and leftpart of the Lacks plantation to them. 9. Chapter Twenty-Seven: The Secret to Immortality 1. Shortly after, Deborah has a stroke in church, and is saved by the ingenuity of her grandson Davon. Who was the daughter of Henrietta Lacks that died only a few years after her mother? What does Zakariyya blame on Henriettas cancer cells? HeLa cells: The most influential and controversial discovery in She was just thirty-one years old. 9. Why was Skloot surprised by the appearance of Crownsville? 7. Based on the descriptions of Gey found on pages 3839, offer three adjectives that best describe his personality. Discuss the importance of the right to privacy. What does Zakariyya believe about his birth? Less than a year after her initial diagnosis, Henrietta succumbed to the ravages of cancer and was buried in an unmarked grave on her familys land. She is a former vice president of the National Book Critics Circle, and has taught creative nonfiction and science journalism at the University of Memphis, the University of Pittsburgh, and New York University. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot. 2. To redeem, copy and paste the code during the checkout process. Explain how a neutralization test is used to determine a vaccines efficacy. Soon to be made into an HBO movie by Oprah Winfrey and Alan Ball, this New York Times bestseller takes readers on an extraordinary journey, from the colored ward of Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1950s to stark white laboratories with freezers filled with HeLa cells, from Henriettas small, dying hometown of Clover, Virginia, to East Baltimore today, where her children and grandchildren live and struggle with the legacy of her cells. What effect did sensationalized journalism and fiction about HeLa and cell cloning have on Deborah? The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks tells a riveting story of the collision between ethics, race, and medicine; of scientific discovery and faith healing; and of a daughter consumed with questions about the mother she never knew. 5. He became known as a vigilante. 4. In May 2001, Deborah, Zakariyya, and Rebecca head to Lengauer's lab. How does Day initially respond to Skloots request for information? 8. 7. Its a story inextricably connected to the dark history of experimentation on African Americans, the birth of bioethics, and the legal battles over whether we control the stuff were made of. 2. Compare the connotations of the name Crownsville with the name Hospital for the Negro Insane. What do you think the directors were trying to achieve when they renamed the facility? Courtney Mama Speed resident of Turner Station and owner of Speeds Grocery. What does Deborah say about people who frame her mothers story as a story about racism? What are the intended and unintended consequences of a profitdriven health care system? She is the department chair for language arts at Tri-Cities High School, an urban public high school in southwest Atlanta. According to Stevenson, why did scientists develop the argument that HeLa cells are no longer human? Where does he ask the burden to be placed? Is their belief based on real events? Gary explains that he believes Henrietta's cells are her, that God has given her immortal life as promised by Jesus in the Bible. Dr. George Gey head of tissue-culture research at Johns Hopkins. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. 3. What do the Lackses believe night doctors do? Why do you think Henrietta initially chose not to tell people about her cancer diagnosis? Explain your answers. Why did Deborah decide to go back to school? She was trained as a surgical nurse.Mary KubicekGeorge Geys lab assistant who cultured HeLa cells for the first timeRichard Wesley TeLinde one of the top cervical cancer experts in the country at the time of Henriettas diagnosis.His research involved taking tissue samples from Henrietta and other cervical cancerpatients at Johns Hopkins.Roland Pattillo professor of gynecology at Morehouse School of Medicine who was one of George Geys only AfricanAmerican students. Paraphrase the explanation of how a virus reproduces found on page 97. 7. For a decade, Skloot doggedly but compassionately gathered the threads of these stories, slowly gaining the trust of the family while helping them learn the truth about Henrietta, and with their aid she tells a rich and haunting story that asks the questions, Who owns our bodies? Henrietta was diagnosed with cervical cancer shortly after his birth. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks - eNotes Craft and Structure Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text (e.g., how Madison defines faction in Federalist No. What do the contents of the apartment tell you about his life and personality? Any BILLING QUESTIONS should be Cootie seems to know and understand a little bit about HeLa cells, but he believes that Henriettas spirit is still present in her cells. Rebecca explains what they've been through, and Gary tries to calm Deborah. She was institutionalized due to epilepsy and died at age 15. How does Skloot proceed with her research when it becomes clear that Sonny Lacks is not going to meet with her? Deborah must deal with the difficult revelation that she had a sister, and that this sister probably died horribly when Deborah was only a baby. Her family had no idea that part of her was still alive, growing vigorously in laboratoriesfirst at Johns Hopkins, and eventually all over the world. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. It was also reported she was epileptic, as well as suffering from neural syphilis. Craft and Structure Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 1112 texts and topics. Explain why this moment is significant. There are many excellent multimedia resources related to this book available on the authors website at RebeccaSkloot.com. 11. 3. 9. Where did the name HeLa come from? 6. Chapter 32. 4. Although most of Crownsvilles medical records from between 1910 and the late fifties had been destroyedthe documents had become contaminated with asbestosLurz had saved some clothbound books full of autopsy reports. Why wasnt Skloot excited about meeting Zakariyya? How did TeLinde hope to prove that his hypothesis about cervical cancer was correct? He handed Deborah a vial of HeLa cells, which Deborah kissed. Known as HeLa cells, their stunning potency gave scientists a building block for countless breakthroughs, beginning with the cure for polio. 4. 7. Why is the publication of this information troubling from an ethical and legal standpoint? Why was Elsie Lacks committed to the Hospital for Negro Insane? As Skloot tenaciously worked to gain Deborahs trust, Deborah struggled to understand what had happened to her mother and her mothers cells. What questions did Deborah have about her mother and sister? Chapter Fifteen: Too Young to Remember 1. She organized an effort to build a Henrietta Lacks museum.John Moorecancer patient who unsuccessfully sued his doctor and the regents of the University of California over the use of his cells to create the Mo cell lineMichael Goldauthor of A Conspiracy of Cells. Deborah and Rebecca can only find pieces of Elsie's story: a terrifying photo in which Elsie has a white woman's hands wrapped around her neck, an autopsy report, and evidence of horrific experiments conducted at the hospital in the same time period that Elsie was there. 10. How are the white and black Lackses related? 2. Elsie Lacks Instead, we must see in every person a universe with its own secrets, with its own treasures, with its own sources of anguish, and with some measure of triumph. Analyze the book in light of this quote. Board Certification. While Lurz made copies, he showed her a 1958 newspaper article about how overcrowding at the hospital led to the death of patients. Her favorite genres are memoirs, public health, and locked room mysteries. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1725 titles we cover. 2. John Moore cancer patient who unsuccessfully sued his doctor and the regents of the University of California over the use of his cells to create the Mo cell line. What crime did Joe commit? Summarize the pros and cons of giving patients legal ownership of their cells. Before her death, she received treatment in a segregated colored ward at Johns Hopkins, the only hospital in Baltimore that would treat black patients. Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects Grades 9-10 Key Ideas and Details Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. He published details from Henriettas medical recordsand autopsy report without permission from the Lacks family.Michael Rogers Rolling Stone reporter who wrote an article about the Lacks family in 1976.He was the first journalist to contact the Lackses.Sir Lord Keenan Kester Cofieldattempted to sue Johns Hopkins and the Lacks familyTed Slavin a hemophiliac whose doctor told him his cells were valuable. Within a few years, a company named Microbiological Associates would begin selling HeLa for profit.1952 Scientists use HeLa cells to help develop the polio vaccine.1953 HeLa cells become the first cells ever cloned.1954 The pseudonym Helen Lane first appears in print as the source of HeLa cells.1954 Chester Southam begins to conduct experiments without patient consent to see whether or not injections of HeLa cells could cause cancer.1957 The term informed consent first appears in court documents.1965 HeLa cells are fused with mouse cells, creating the first animal-human hybrid cells.1965 The Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York finds Southam and a colleague guilty of unprofessional conduct and calls for stricter guidelines regarding human research subjects and informed consent.1966 To ensure adherence to the new guidelines for research involving human subjects, the National Institutes of Health begins requiring the approval of Institutional Review Boards for any research they fund.1966 Gartler drops the HeLa Bomb and proposes that HeLa cells have contaminated numerous cell lines.1970 George Gey dies of pancreatic cancer.1971 In a tribute to Gey, Henrietta Lacks is correctly identified for the first time in print as the source of HeLa.1973 The Lacks family learns for the first time that Henriettas cells are still alive.1973 Researchers from Johns Hopkins take samples from Henriettas children to further HeLa research, without informed consent.1974 The Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (the Common Rule) requires informed consent for all human-subject research.1975 Michael Rogers publishes an article about HeLa and the Lacks family in Rolling Stone. 4. 5. Explore the role that journalists have played in influencing public attitudes toward the mentally ill, and altering how the mentally ill are diagnosed and treated. Project MUSE is a leading provider of digital humanities and social sciences content, providing access to journal and book content from nearly 300 publishers. Lucille Elsie Lacks (1939 - 1955) was the daughter of David Lacks and Loretta Pleasant. Discuss the methods by which a nonfiction writer is able to recreate dialogue and recount descriptions of historical events and locations. As children they worked the tobacco fields together. Locate a passage that you found particularly effective or memorable, and explain why you selected it. Henrietta went to her house after radiation treatments at Johns Hopkins. This section became known as Lacks Town.Alfred Cheetah CarterDeborahs first husband. She was institutionalized due to epilepsy and died at age fifteen. He organizes a yearly HeLa conference at Morehouse in Henriettas honor. When Gary's usual methods of instilling calm don't work, he hugs Deborah and begins to recite verses from the Bible. Look back over Skloots description of Zakariyyas apartment. 11. They wander around the building looking for the medical records office, before Deborah finally takes matters into her own hands and starts yelling to get someone's attention. Born on August 1, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia, Lacks lived 31 years filled with joy, laughter, and dancing around the kitchen table with her children. What attempts (e.g. She organized an effort tobuild a Henrietta Lacks museum.John Moore cancer patient who unsuccessfully sued his doctor and the regents of the University of Californiaover the use of his cells to create the Mo cell lineThe Immortal Life of Henrietta LacksRebecca SklootA Broadway Paperback ISBN 978-1-4000-5218-9 RebeccaSkloot.com HenriettaLacksFoundation.orgA Readers GuideMichael Gold author of A Conspiracy of Cells. 2. Explain your answer. 7. 2. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks mission to include the study of a broader array of cultural She takes the photo of Elsie with her and thanks Paul Lurz. formations. Haunted Hospitals and Patient Abuse | Go Big Read After Deborah told him about Elsiethat people thought she was disabled but that Deborah suspected she was just deafLurz rose and went to a storage cabinet. WebElsie stayed at a place that was known as The Hospital for the Negro Insane in which she was put there because of her diagnosis of epilepsy in that case Skloot and Deborah decided to go get the autopsy report and her medical records to get a background of what occurred inside of that place and what they found was horrifying. 8. Lacks title Negro American Literature Forum and for the next fifteen years The title of this chapter contains an allusion to the classic horror movie Frankenstein. Summarize the various ways that HeLa was used in the space program. What physical ailments did Deborah suffer from as a result of the excitement and stress of seeing her mothers cells for the first time, and learning about Elsie? Based on her medical chart, how would you describe Henriettas feelings about doctors? AAR has received Explain how Henriettas real name became public knowledge. What reason does Deborah give for not wanting Skloot to type out Henriettas records word-for-word? How did Bobette respond to Deborahs pregnancy? Investigate the history of mental institutions in the United States. Skloot ends this chapter with Deborah deciding to finally give her access to Henriettas medical records. Why does Sadie think Henrietta hesitated before seeing a doctor? American Osteopathic Board of Anesthesiology. He carefully explains the process of cell division, and explains that all the information that made Henrietta herself is contained within these cells, in their DNA. In spite of her deliberate decision to not read her mothers medical records, Deborah Lacks still learned extremely upsetting details about her mothers illness and autopsy. 9. 5. Some rooms had drains on the floor rather than toilets. How is it resolved? "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Chapters 32-37 Summary and Analysis". 3. What scientific discoveries were made possible as a result of fused hybrid cells? By clicking Sign Up, I acknowledge that I have read and agree to Penguin Random House's Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and understand that Penguin Random House collects certain categories of personal information for the purposes listed in that policy, discloses, sells, or shares certain personal information and retains personal information in accordance with the policy. Allowing Skloot access gives some amount of liberation as well as the feeling that her mother's life had not Informed consent means that patients must be informed of a doctors or labs intentions relative to the use of their tissue, blood, or cells. How Henrietta's cells became used in thousands of labs worldwide, The complications of Henrietta's lack of consent, How the Lacks family is coping with the impact of Henrietta's legacy. Gey was conducting experiments in an attempt to create an immortal line of human cells that could be used in medical research. Based on these results, did his hypothesis appear to be correct? 4. Why did a committee of scientists form the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)? What subjective conclusions can you make about Mama Speed based on the objective details on page 72? 8. As Skloot and Deborah walked the halls, the place appeared to be abandoned; and when they came across a room labeled Medical Records, they found that the room was empty. Deborah tells Rebecca she has just witnessed a miracle. 2. 6. How did the scientific community respond to Gartlers theory about HeLa contamination? He left his ten children when their mother died. 2. Before You Read Point out the differences between the genres of historical fiction and nonfiction. X-rays show a massive inoperable tumor in her pelvis. The Journals Division publishes 85 journals in the arts and humanities, technology and medicine, higher education, history, political science, and library science. Create a time line that begins with the removal of Henriettas tissue sample and traces the scientific and medical breakthroughs that have been made possible as a result of HeLa cells. Describe how Deborah found out about her mothers painful death. How does religious faith help frame the Lackses response to, and interpretation of, the scientific information they receive about HeLa? WebSkloot and Deborah spent days together just talking about Henrietta and getting used to each other. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text. 2. What are some of the intended and unintended consequences of irresponsible journalism? Bobette Lacks Lawrences wife. 8. Why do you think Pattillo agreed to help Skloot contact Henriettas family? Also, there were many scientific experiments done without patient consent, including particularly gruesome experiments conducted on children with epilepsy. Explain your answer. 9. If Gey did speak to Henrietta just before she died, do you think she would have understood what immortal cells were? Refine any search. Describe conditions at the hospital during the time period when Elsie was a patient there. 7. The campus is beautiful, but the two get the impression of some dark history here. 4. Though this is not entirely accurate from a scientific point of view, it provides a much more emotionally satisfying answer than most scientific explanations. 5. Describe Skloots visit to the Lacks family cemetery. TCU Library's core values and strategies. Why did Henriettas doctors need to ask for her familys permission to remove tissue samples after her death? A lay preacher, he performed a faith healing on Deborah.LaTonyaDeborah and Cheetahs second child; Davons motherLittle AlfredDeborahs grandsonMargaret Sturdivant Henriettas cousin and confidante. When Skloot consulted Lurz about the study, he said that, given the years the study was conducted, it was likely Elsie Lacks Crownsville time included being experimented on. Medical Records - MyMichigan Health Describe the relationship between Deborah and her grandson Davon. He warned Deborah that Crownsville in the 40s and 50s, when it was called the Hospital for the Negro Insane, had not been a good place. As Skloot, Deborah, and Lurz were reading the report, a man burst into the room and questioned them. Why do you think Skloot chose this title? What did Pullum ask Skloot to preach about at JaBreas baptism? 2. Why didnt Henriettas family know that her cells were still alive? This article is an excerpt from the Shortform summary of "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks" by Rebecca Skloot. 3. She supported Henrietta duringher illness. Roland Pattillo professor of gynecology at Morehouse School of Medicine who was one of George Geys only African American students. A sample of her cancerous tissue, taken without her knowledge or consent, as was the custom then, turned out to provide one of the holy grails of mid-century biology: human cells that could survive--even thrive--in the lab. Rebecca says she won't (and she doesn't) and she smiles slightly, admiring Deborah's protectiveness of her sister. How did TeLinde, Gey, and others at Johns Hopkins respond to Bergs request? 5. Lacks According to Ethels cousins, why did she dislike Henrietta? How soon after Henriettas death did the media attempt to write about her? How is he connected to both Henrietta Lacks and George Gey? Elsie had developmental disabilities and was described by her family as "different" or "deaf and dumb". 3. This is known as the Hayflick limit.Margaret GeyGeorge Geys wife and research assistant. 5. How old were Henriettas oldest (Lawrence) and youngest (Joe) children when their mother died? Richard Wesley TeLinde one of the top cervical cancer experts in the country at the time of Henriettas diagnosis. Slavin founded Essential Biologicals, a company that sold his cells, and later cells from other people so individuals could profit from their own biological materials.Timeline1889 Johns Hopkins Hospital is founded.1912 Alexis Carrel claims to have successfully grown immortal chicken-heart cells.1920 Henrietta Lacks is born in Roanoke, Virginia.1947 The Nuremberg Code, a set of ethical standards for human experimentation, is produced as the result of a trial against several Nazi doctors who conducted experiments on prisoners during WWII.1951 George Gey successfully cultures the first immortal human cell line using cells from Henriettas cervix. To develop this structure, Skloot used both works of fiction and films as models, and lists the novel Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe and the film Hurricane as sources of inspiration as she organized her own book. What obstacle almost kept her from doing so? 5. Johnny Pleasant Henriettas father. 13. College and Career Success/Interdisciplinary. GradeSaver, 23 March 2017 Web. SCIENCE 1. How did doctors justify using patients in public hospital wards as medical research subjects without obtaining their consent or offering them financial compensation? A lay preacher, he performed a faith healing on Deborah. A complete list of the Common Core State Standards can be found at http://www.corestandards.org/thestandards . Discuss the historical and contemporary influence that journalists writing about science have had on public perception and understanding of the subject. 2. Explain why Golds journalism could be considered irresponsible and/or unethical. Susan Hsu the post-doctoral student in Victor McKusicks lab who was assigned to make contact with the Lackses and request samples from them for genetic testing without informed consent. Why did Henrietta and David (Day) Lacks decide to place Elsie in the Hospital for the Negro Insane? The marriage was abusive and ended in divorce.Alfred Jr.Deborah and Cheetahs firstborn child and Little Alfreds fatherBobette LacksLawrences wife. 10. Explain who Roland Pattillo is. What reasons did Berg give for wanting information about the woman whose cells were used to grow HeLa? 7. 9. Do you agree that Henrietta should have been correctly identified in order to give her the fame she so richly deserves, or do you think her anonymity should have been protected? Subscribe now. 3. The Best Books to Get Your Finances in Order, Books Based on Your Favorite Taylor Swift Era, Cook a Soul Food Holiday Meal With Rosie Mayes.
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