The observation that their DNA profiles match is strong evidence that the same person fathered the two sons. 40-50%[30]). However, this clearly cannot be correct, at least along an all male line, since these Swedish Hamiltons have a haplogroup (R1b1a2) different from that (I1) of better documented Walter Fitzgilbert descendants. They are associated with a genetic cluster that is normally called the Vstonice cluster. Landscape of the Levant: A coastal-inland contrast, Y-chromosomal variation in the Czech Republic. By this method the branch is named by starting with the capital letter defining that haplogroup family and then adding the name of the terminal SNP that defines that branch. Recently the ancestry of most of those in Group R1b-7 has been clarified with the finding that a well documented descendant (H-293) of the Hamiltons of Mylneholme in the parish of Stonehouse, Lanarkshire has this DNA profile. The group is of special interest because they all descend in well documented lines from a grandson (John C. A. Hamilton) of Alexander Hamilton, one of the founding fathers of the US. It is likely that the 21,21 values at YCAIIa,b arose early in the derivation of this Hamilton line by a RecLOH event (see earlier discussion) because these markers are on a palindrome of the Y-DNA and are thus subject to such events. Haplogroup I (Y-DNA) Y-DNA Haplogroups links Nordic and Germanic people to Arabs and Jews In the SNP analysis investigators assigned capital letters to the various groups that have different initial SNPs. I1-Z58 and its subclades occurs at greatest frequency in northwest Europe. Introduction and Results Presentation It is critical to understand that not all Vikings were I1 and not all I1 were Vikings. I-S31 includes I-P37.2, which is the most common form in the Balkans trading and wild reindeer hunting. One of these lines is the. Alexander Hamilton, through genealogy and the testing . With the exceptions that are pointed out in the Ancestors table, many of the participants in the groups given in the first 4 tables were previously unaware of any relationship to each other. There are two main [9] This would make the founding event of I-M170 approximately contemporaneous with the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which lasted from 26,500 years ago until approximately 19,500 years ago. As a result, any direct male Hamilton descendant who suspects he may be derived from this John of Concord can now easily prove or disprove the possibility by having his DNA analyzed and comparing his results to these profiles. I1-DF29+ represents 99% of all I1 lineages. southeast. Haplogroup I2a1a-M26 appears to be the only subclade of Haplogroup I-M170 found among the Basques, but appears to be found at somewhat higher frequencies among the general populations of Castile-Len in Spain and Barn in France than among the population of ethnic Basques. During the Neolithic period, pre-I1 and I1 people were part of the sucessive Erteblle culture (5300-3950 BCE) and Funnelbeaker culture (4000-2700 BCE). The dispersion of marker values in Group A is greater indicating that the common ancestor for all those in Group A lived in an earlier time period. Since the data in these tables were mainly taken from an FTDNA web site, all haplogroup designations given in these two tables are the current ones given by FTDNA (which may, however, be out of date as indicated in the previous discussion). Woodward, New Phylogenetic Relationships for Y-chromosome Haplogroup I: Reappraising its Phylogeography and Prehistory, in P. Mellars, K. Boyle, O. Bar-Yosef and C. Stringer (eds. in southern Russia, sometime between 100 BC - 300 AD. However, Underhill and his colleagues calculate the time to subclade divergence of I1 and I2 to be 28,400 5,100 years ago, although they calculate the STR variation age of I1 at only 8,100 1,500 years ago. were the ancestors of the R1a Norse while the rest arrived from the This Haplogroup I YDNA. Sinclair DNA - Our I1 Lineage and the I1 Anglo-Saxon Norse In Britain, haplogroup I-M253 is often Haplogroup I1 has an estimated time to most recent common ancestor around 4000 to 5000 years, and the haplogroup is commonly denoted as I-M253, where M253 being one of the 300 SNP mutations defining the haplogroup. Note that the naming of some of the subgroups has changed, as new markers have been identified, and the sequence of mutations has become clearer. various varieties of I1 have not shared a common ancestor for thousands https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253, https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml, https://anthrogenica.com/forumdisplay.php?66-I1-M253. This naming system is now inadequate, firstly because with 40 different groups there are not enough letters of the alphabet to name each one, but also because we now know much more about the haplogroup of each matching group and it is more common to list groups together with related haplogroups. They have been tentatively placed in Group B until results for further markers are obtained. A haplogroup is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor. All Rights Reserved. However, as Chernow has pointed out, there have been suggestions that his father was a Stevens, in which case the Group I1-5 results would not be representative of an early Hamilton line. The FTDNA 37, 67 and 111 marker results indicate quite clearly that Groups B and I1-3 are distinct. developed key SNPs during or just after the LGM. The cookie only stores information necessary to maintain a secure, authenticated session and will only exist for as long as the user is authenticated in Craft. FamilyTreeDNA Discover - Y-DNA Haplogroup I-FT396000 male-to-male (YDNA) descendant of the Goths. The observation that their 37 marker profiles differ at one site (DYS570) indicates that there has been a mutation at this site in one of their lines since their MRCA. At this time, Scandinavia was primarily divided into the Saami The first Danes were Stone Age hunters and 150 km to the east. The refugia of Iberia(R1b), the Balkans(I) and Ukraine(R1a) allow people to wait out the worst of the ice-age.. Thus, the 37 marker results of H-017 probably represent those for their MRCA. This page will take you through whatever can be known about the I1 Haplogroup I appears to have arisen in Europe, so far being found in Palaeolithic sites throughout Europe (Fu 2016), but not outside it. Cookies that the site cannot function properly without. are of the Germanic inhabitants of Scandinavia. of a people called Asas that were located around the Azov-lake and Azov Saudi Arabian Y-Chromosome diversity and its relationship with nearby regions. We use cookies to give you the best experience on our site. [91], The distribution of I2a1a-M26 also mirrors that of the Atlantic Bronze Age cultures, which indicates a potential spread via the obsidian trade or a regular maritime exchange of some of metallurgical products. But geneticists have come to recognize the mutation which took place at the time of this little boys conceptionmarker M170as the beginning of a new and distinct gene group, called a Haplogroup, and lettered as the letter I. If we fast forward to 12 000 years ago as shown here, the ice has retreated and the land has become much more supportive to life. It may be associated with unusually tall males, since those in the Dinaric Alps have been reported to be the tallest in the world, with an average male height of the range 180cm (5ft 11in)182cm (6ft 0in) in the cantons of Bosnia, 184cm (6ft 0in) in Sarajevo, 182cm (6ft 0in)186cm (6ft 1in) in the cantons of Herzegovina. There are many names throughout the history of covered with coniferous forests. This page has been accessed 4,329 times. Coastal Smi became increasingly more sedentary, So far, no one has . The genealogies of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom in England suggest that Density map of HG I1. But the story does not end here! However, its not 100% definitive. In the DNA analyses summarized in the primary results tables, what is actually being measured at each marker site are so-called STRs or Short Tandem Repeats. At this time our species numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but the earth could not support an increase in Homo sapiens sapiens. I suspect these were the R1a Haplogroup. One subclade of Haplogroup I2a2-M436, namely I2a2a1a1-M284, has been found almost exclusively among the population of Great Britain, which has been taken to suggest that the clade may have a very long history in that island. He settled in Maine and died in 1691 in Berwick, ME. (According to Jennifer Westwood, the day of the week Wednesday was It is not surprising the the two participants in group E-1 match because they are known to be related as second cousins. There is a quite close match between the results for those in this group with the results for those in Subgroup 2 of the Andrews DNA project so presumably they have a common ancestor in the not too distant past. Person? Tomorrow, the world. For each group it is useful to focus on marker values that occur infrequently because their presence in a particular group is what really distinguishes one group from another. 226 views. Var br DNA Genealogy=Direkte mannlige etterkommere (fars fars fars far, osv.) Anglo-Saxon king Alfred and describing his homeland. But also R1a, R1b, G2, N, and a few others may well point to your Viking roots. This page was last edited on 10 March 2023, at 22:32. About us. Since the term 'haplogroup' (often abbreviated as haplo here) is used frequently in the foregoing and subsequent discussion, it seems appropriate to briefly describe here what it means and how it arose. A collection of genealogical profiles related to I1-Z58 (Y-DNA) This project is for people who have tested and been assigned the paternal haplogroup I1-Z58 with its subclades, and also for people who are believed to have belonged to this paternal haplogroup based on tests done on descendants.. Living DNA Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales with number: 10221519. The Group B DNA profile has unusual STR values at some sites, so unusual in fact that the presence of a combination of these values for a known haplogroup I1 individual virtually ensures that the person must be closely related to the Group B Hamiltons, regardless of surname. The EDMUNDSON-GRANT-HARPER-NEWSOM-THORNTON group is YCAIIb=20, while others are YCAIIb=21. ancestors of Sinclairs with the I1 haplotype spent some time in the A haplogroup is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor. 129 often drawn to look for clues that the Sinclair family is either The names for the other groups are based on their haplogroup families (see later) with numbers being used to distinguish among the different matching groups of these families. Now it is time to explore your Haplogroup and your Modal Haplotype. The results for two (H-003 and H-017) will be discussed briefly here to emphasize why it is important to obtain results for two or more known relatives. 125m lower than today and the coastline differs slightly from the present day. the east while the Goths were oriented towards Denmark and Norway in - Swedish Haplogroup Database . Further terminal SNPs are now known for Groups R1b-5 to R1b-7 but they all still have the L21 SNP. I-Y3664 Schleswig-Holstein, Normandy and Guernsey. different groups had become tightly consolidated. Theres no exact Nordic or Viking gene that is passed down through the generations. One thing that the current results prove conclusively is that the Sir James Hamilton, 5th of Cadzow, who was born about 1390, married Janet Livingston and died about 1440 had the Group B DNA profile. (1,500 years before Christ). Interestingly though, it was common for their male Viking ancestors to intermarry with other nationalities, and so there is a lot of mixed heritage. mountains seasonally, operating from their winter camps that were In the midst of this last great cold spell, very roughly about 25,000 years ago, a little baby boy was born with a mutation in his Y-chromosome. The first two participants in Group I1-7 (formerly Group P) are known to be related; they are from the Earl of Haddington line of Hamiltons so presumably this is the profile for descendants of that line. Living carriers of F* and IJ* have been reported from the Iranian Plateau. Expressed differently and perhaps more clearly, this chart makes it the Vikings feared throughout coastal Europe and beyond. useful marker for separating AngloSaxon and Norse/ultraNorse varieties Group B or I1-2 (Haplo I1a3a or I-L1237). Through DNA testing, it is possible to effectively trace your potential inner Viking and discover whether it forms part of your genetic makeup or not. Due to the arrival of so-called Early European Farmers (EEFs), I-M170 is outnumbered by Haplogroup G among Neolithic European remains and by Haplogroup R in later remains. (not shown on map). This project is dedicated to a small subset of P109 Haplogroup individuals who have the STR mutation DYS-455=9. descended of this line or was somehow involved with it. The meaning of the term haplogroup will be considered later. In that case you will be taken directly to the part of the Ancestors table that has the earliest known ancestor for that individual. It is thought to have arrived from the Middle East as haplogroup IJ sometime between 45,000 and 30,000 years ago and developed into haplogroup I about 25,000 years ago. theories Since there are 40 different groups in these first four tables, there were presumably 40 different initiating ancestors for these groups, one for each group. One can conclude that James1 has the Group B Recent analyses of mitochondrial DNA have set the estimate for the major migration from Africa from 60,000 to 70,000 years ago, around 1020,000 years earlier than previously thought, and in line with dating of the Toba eruption to around 66,000 to 76,000 years ago. by the LGM and its eventual retreat more than any other regions of You can see a map here: http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml The R1b group is also about 20,000 years old. Group A or I1-1 (Haplo I1a2a1a1a1 or I-L338) As can be seen from an examination of the data in the Group A table, this group has more members (about 35% of all the participants) than any of the other groups. 1. The image allows us to see the subclades that are downstream. The Dutch Y-chromosomal landscape. The reason for this is that some of the marker values found for Group A are unusual. What are Haplogroups? Living DNA explain | Living DNA Another early branching line is the line to the Olivestob Hamiltons; H-103 of Group A is a descendant of this line. This project is for people who have tested and been assigned the paternal haplogroup I1-Z58 with its subclades, and also for people who are believed to have belonged to this paternal haplogroup based on tests done on descendants. His name was Wodan and Thus, their current haplogroup designation is given as I1a3a or I-L1237. One noteworthy difference in the marker values for two participants known to be closely related involves H-054 and H-014. As was discussed previously, there is good evidence that the Mylneholme Hamiltons of Lanarkshire are the ancestors of the R1b-7 Hamilton lines. If the results are different then one can zero in on when the mutation or non-paternal event occurred by testing closer relatives. Group A or I1-1 (Haplo I1a2a1a1a1 or I-L338). 1. The haplogroup is almost non-existent outside of Europe or Asia Minor, suggesting that it arose in Europe. Therefore, although the initial capital letter used to define a haplogroup family will likely not change, some of the additional numbers and letters to further define the haplogroup may change with time and new terminal SNPs may be found. In Mike Walsh's study of haplogroup 'Grammaticus' means 'the Gesta Danorum. 2009-2012 St. Clair Research. The profile must be set to public in order to add it. Slavic and Baltic tribes were also present in the This is consistent with the belief that the haplogroup first appeared in South West Eurasia. Michael Stanhope has recently published an article summarizing his research on early Hamiltons in Scotland who may have been ancestors of Walter Fitzgilbert. The DNA from some Stevens/Stephens lines has been analyzed and none of those results match Group I1-5 well, although the results for kits 200067 (33/37 versus the modal for Group I1-5) and 220351 (59/67) are just outside the realm usually considered as matches. 5. The accessibility between Scandinavia and Danish lands to the south A new terminal SNP for people with this profile has recently been identified. The Genographic Project, National Geographic, This page was last edited on 19 March 2023, at 12:37. [14] Rootsi and colleagues in 2004 suggested that each of the ancestral populations now dominated by a particular subclade of Haplogroup I-M170 experienced an independent population expansion immediately after the Last Glacial Maximum. I1 is overwhelmingly a Scandinavia was a coastal culture. [88], Outside Fennoscandia, distribution of Haplogroup I1-M253 is closely correlated with that of Haplogroup I2a2-M436; but among Scandinavians (including both Germanic and Uralic peoples of the region) nearly all the Haplogroup I-M170 Y-chromosomes are I1-M253. Presumably, therefore, the Group I1-8 Hamiltons share a common ancestor with this Inglis/English group in the not too distant past. 129, 132 Ottar realm of myth. because he is the most recent common ancestor of participants H-139, H-188, H-203, H-230, H-256, and H-360, all of whom have the Group B profile, and all of whom have well documented lines back to James1. on the Mountain Smi. Recent further research has indicated that some Robertson families in Scotland were closely associated with some Hamiltons there, so possibly when surnames came into use two closely related families took different surnames. The Sinclair family has members who show the tell-tale markers Even though the Group X1 table has results for participants with a variety of haplogroups, including E (and its sub haplogroups), G2a, G, I1, I1d1, I2a, I2b1, J2 and R1a1a, the Group X2 table has results for a considerably larger number of R1b1a2 participants. Ancestors of those in the R1b haplogroup are believed to have migrated into Western Europe from the east about 7000 to 9000 years ago when the glaciers receded after the last ice age. It seems most likely that the mutation has occurred in the line of H-003 since H-017 has the value (20) at this site most common in Group B. Thus, individuals in different haplogroup families could not have a common ancestor along all male lines in the last 10s of thousands of years. Since the SNP pathways to the other three Hamilton I1 groups (Groups I1-6 to I1-8) are not known, one does not have a good estimate of when they separated from one another or from Groups I1-1 to I1-5 and I1-9. ruled out. Underhill, N.M. Myres, S. Rootsi, C.T. Furthermore, the results imply that the DNA profile of Alexander, himself, was probably very similar to those in Group D but with the ambiguity that it cannot currently be concluded whether his value for DYS19/394 should be 14 or 15. However, in most cases the haplogroup was not determined by direct analysis because it has been possible to correlate certain patterns of STR marker values with the SNP analysis. The 40 different initiating ancestors for those in the matching groups (in the first four tables) plus more than 95 required for those in Groups X1 and X2 indicate that there are many different Hamilton lines. http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_HapgrpI.html, I1 - Z58+ & Z63+ Project - Surname SNP Tree -10 June 2012. 129 path of the Vikings. to the time of the Greek and Roman writers is very difficult. Yes, and no. Who was the father of James1? This is the situation for several participants whose surname is actually Robertson rather than Hamilton; their results are given at the end of the Group A table. This question was answered by determining that well documented descendants of lines that branched off from the Walter Fitzgilbert line prior to James1 have the Group A profile. His research suggests that Walter actually arose from a quite humble background. According to FTDNA, those marker sites shown in red in the table headings are ones that tend to mutate more rapidly. Agnes apparently died about 1378. Craft's default cookies do not collect IP addresses. No one knew anything about it, least of all the little boy; it didnt affect his life at all. Most of the groups in this Table are in the haplogroup I family with seven of them (I1-3 to I1-9) being in the haplogroup I1 family and three others (I2-1, I2-2 and I2-3) being in the haplogroup I2 family. The Eve of the Viking Age Other authors have said that Odin was real. One of the well documented Hamilton lines in Britain is the Raploch line which current evidence (see, for example, the 1933 book A History of the House of Hamilton by George Hamilton) indicates was initiated by Walter Hamilton, a brother of James1. post-LGM settlement there about 8,000 BCE. of Jesus and Mary. In addition, living examples of the precursor Haplogroup IJ* have been found only in Iran, among the Mazandarani and ethnic Persians from Fars. Kubanychbek Kendirbaev, a history researcher and director of Seleucia, a Public Charitable Fund he established in 2019, says his clan are Seleucid Dynasty descendants. Rescalled Haplogroup I Tree (K. Nordtvedt 2011). It continued for thousands of years; its most severe stage is called the Last Glacial Maximum, or LGM, which encompassed the furthest extent of the ice sheets upon the land. small kingdoms along the Norwegian coast. I1 (M253). These last two dates are roughly associated, and occur somewhat after subclade divergence. Haplogroup H1 may refer to: . This haplogroup reaches its maximum frequency in the Western Balkans (with the highest concentration of I2 in present-day Herzegovina). Knowing very little of genetic genealogy, I don't know . For some time the different groups with matching DNA profiles in the Hamilton project have been named using letters of the alphabet with each subsequent letter being assigned chronologically as each matching group was found.
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