Types allowed: Indirect initiative for statute, direct initiative for constitutional amendment, and popular referendum, Other subject restrictions: No private or special laws (Const. 5, 1; A.C.A. Const. 72.130). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. d. the C-SPAN dance. Which event helped lead to a change in the way that the electoral college chose the president and vice The veto power may be exercised only against entire bills, and it may not be exercised upon sections of bills except in the case of appropriation bills (1963 Alas. 116.332). Art. 101.161). 116.332, Const. Art. Filed within one year of receiving notice that petitions are ready. Verification: The secretary of state has 35 days to verify. If more than 105% are deemed valid, the petition is deemed valid. 34-1812a, 34-1812b, I.C. 116.332). If the attorney general does not approve of the statement, he or she prepares one themselves (MCA 13-27-312). 22-24-413). A statement of organization is required (Govt. Withdrawal of petition: May be withdrawn by any of the people authorized to do so at the time of filing; withdrawal is made via a form prescribed by the secretary of state (NRS 295.026). 22-24-408 and -410). The next statewide election unless the legislature or governor convenes a special election for it or the governor designates a vote at the primary election. XI, 5). Const. d. Polling is too expensive for any campaign except the presidential campaign. 7-9-108). Who creates petitions: Secretary of the commonwealth (Const. ), Const. The other 19 states limit the subject matter of laws that the popular referendum can address. Supermajority vote only to change vote requirement. The cost of a referendum may make it less likely that it is chosen to be initiated. Learn a new word every day. All 23 popular referendum states require political organizations that support or oppose a ballot measure, often considered political action committees, to follow state campaign finance laws. V, 2). 11 5). Biennial regular general election, with submission deadline three months and three weeks prior to election. III, 3). 3519.01). Submission deadline for signatures: 90 days after the final adjournment of the session in which it was passed, except when a recess or adjournment shall be taken temporarily for a longer period than 90 days, in which case such petition shall be filed not later than 90 days after such recess or temporary adjournment (Const. C.R.S.A. V, 1(6)). No collection timeline except when collecting the second 3 percent of signatures of votes in last election for governor, the deadline is 90 days, and deadline of 110 days before the election generally. From each of at least 26 Utah state Senate districts, legal signatures equal to 4% for indirect or 8% for direct initiatives of the number of active voters in that district on Jan. 1 immediately following the last regular general election. 15, 273). 1953 20A-7-211). Petitions must be submitted not more than 90 days after the law which is the subject of the petition has become law. NCSLs Statewide Ballot Measures Database includes all statewide ballot measures in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, starting over a century ago. Legislature or other government official review: The legislature may determine method of determining fiscal impact (NDCC Const. Direct democracies may operate through an assembly of citizens or by means of referenda and initiatives in which citizens vote on issues instead of for candidates or parties. 4, 1, Pt. A post-election report is due by Jan. 7. Art. Art. The group of people who are eighteen and older. Vote requirement for passage: Majority, provided that the votes cast on the measure shall equal at least one-third of the total votes cast at the election (Const. The secretary assigns an official serial number to the petition and assigns numbers to petitions in numerical sequence (ARS 19-111). Circulator requirements: Must be 18 or older, registered with the secretary of state, and cannot have been convicted or pled guilty to forgery crimes (V.A.M.S. Collected in-person: Yes (A.R.S. Legislature or other government official review: No additional review. 3, 17(3)). Within three days of making an expenditure or receiving a contribution, a political committee must file a statement of organization and designate a treasurer. II, 1b; Art. Petition title and summary creation: Proponents draft (NRS 32-1405). Where to file with: Secretary of state (NDCC Const. St. 32-1405). Brexit is a portmanteau of the words British and exit that was coined to refer to the U.K.'s decision in a June 23, 2016, referendum to leave the European Union (EU). Law 7-103(c). V, 1(3)). 18). ; The referendum process allows citizens to refer a law that passed the legislature to the ballot for voters to decide whether to uphold or repeal the law. Art. The legislative council determines the estimated fiscal impact at least 90 days before the measure is to be voted on. III, 2; Bernbeck v. Gale, 59 F.Supp.3d 949 (2014); 829 F.3d 643, United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. Full and correct copy of title and text must be printed on petitions (NRS 32-1403). Art. Application process information: Original draft of petition must be submitted to secretary of state before circulating, including a suggested popular name; secretary of state approves and certifies both or disproves and specifies each deficiency (NMSA 1-17-8). Const. St. 32-630; 32-628). Updates? 106.08, 106.19). Code Ann. The very last step in the process of electing a president is the ______ . An act that was suspended by a petition and is approved by the people is effective the date the result of the canvass is filed by the secretary of state (MCA 13-27-105(3)). There must also be a five-person committee of those who favor rejection, comprised of individuals appointed by the governor, attorney general, president of the senate and speaker of the housethe fifth member is appointed by the four previous members. 23-17-7; 23-17-9; 23-17-15). 2, 3; M.G.L.A. Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation, and no measures that interfere with the legislatures ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues. 3, 52). 295.0575). Procedures vary from state to state, but in general if the legislature has not adopted the proposal, the initiative question goes on the ballot. Proponent organization and requirements: Original filing must include a notarized form with the names and addresses of the petition sponsors (SDCL 2-1-3.1). 15, 273). Code Ann. Art. Art. Const. d. All of the above are tasks of the campaign consultant. Art. The right of candidates to spend their own money on running for office Proponents must file reports of payments made to signature gatherers. Art. Art. Details on who or which offices write the title and summary are listed below: Cal.Const. Circulator requirements: Signed statement if paid and 18 years old (Cal.Elec.Code 104, 9022, 9610; Code.Civ.Proc. 2, 9). The second question was to determine whether two references in the Australian Constitution, which discriminated against Aboriginal people, should be removed. Art. III, 5(2)). Const. A groups name must include the title or common name of the measure if the group intends to direct more than 50% of its contributions or expenditures toward a single measure. 168.471 and M.C.L.A. Art. d. All of the above involved ideological clashes. 3517.01, .08, .10, .11, 12, .13, .20, .092, .093, .102, .105; O.H.R. Repeal or change restrictions: No veto from governor, and legislature may pass statutes normally (V.A.M.S. 116.334). Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 90 days after the law which is the subject of the petition has become law (Const. General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). Who creates petitions: A voter must print the petitions in the form approved by the secretary of state (21-A MRS 901). Referendum This is power in the hands of the electorate to either accept or reject a proposal to an existing legislation through an election called for this purpose. For direct constitutional amendments, it is nine months and three weeks. 21 1), Timeline for taking effect: Upon proclamation of the governor (A.R.S. Const. 168.482; 168.544c, Mississippi: Miss. Art. Must be submitted by September, then December, and then possibly July (M.G.L.A. 168.471; 168.472). Who creates petitions: Secretary of state prepares a sample petition (MCA 13-27-202 and -205). Withdrawal of petition: None, other than the limit of circulation is one year after the petition is approved by the secretary of state (NDCC, 16.1-01-09). Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (Cal.Elec.Code 9004), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: At least 131 days prior to next general election it is to be voted on (Cal.Elec.Code 9016; Cal.Const. Const. Art. 5, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. c. funny money. (21-A M.R.S.A. Hosting rallies, festivals, and concerts that draw attention and promote voter awareness, So people have more options than just voting on Election Day. Collected in-person: Yes (Utah Code 20A-7-303(3)). Must file quarterly reports. From 15 different counties, with each countys petition having signatures of at least half of the designated percentage of electors of the county. What is on each petition: Sponsors create petitions pursuant to guidelines in statute. a. butterfly ballot. c. using spot advertisements Timeline for taking effect: Upon approval by the voters (Const. Election officials start counting provisional ballots on the 2nd Wednesday after each election. 24th Which of the following is true about voter registration? Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. 1953 20A-7-202.5). Art. 74. Const. Each signature page must contain the subject expressed in the title of the Act to be referred (ORS 250.045). Ballot title and summary: Proponent and approved by the attorney general, is the title for both the petition and ballot. If you voted for a Republican for president and a Democrat for senator, you engaged in II, 1c and 1g; ORC 3519.16(F). Can only be changed by a vote of the people, Two-thirds vote (or majority after seven years), Two-thirds vote (or majority after two years), Select a State with Citizen Initiatives to Learn More, Petition Review, Creation and Public Notice, Petition Review, Creation, and Public Notice, >Petition Review, Creation and Public Notice, States with citizen initiatives (24): Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. What is on each petition: Must follow prescribed form and include the provisions for identification of the measure, space for the printed name, space for the signature, address of the committee member, notarization of the signature and affidavit (NDCC, 16.1-01-07; 16.1-01-09). Const. Amend. The referendum may be obligatory or optional. Timeline for taking effect: For statutes, 10 days after the date of the official declaration of the vote, and for amendments, 45 days after election (M.C.L.A. 48, Init., Pt. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Prior to receiving a contribution or making an expenditure, a campaign must designate a treasurer by filing with the secretary of state (ORC 3517.10(D)). Rev. The following 11 states use a statistical sampling method to determine if petitions have enough valid signatures: Eleven of the popular referendum states specify a procedure by which a person may withdraw their signature from a petition. 1-40-106 and 1-40-107). 3, 52). Circulator requirements: Must be an elector and must be 18 or older (NDCC Const. Art. In all other cases, an act that is subject to the referendum remains in effect until it is rejected at an election (MCA 13-27-105(3)). Art. 218D.810; 293.267). General review of petition: Attorney general may confer with proponents and recommend revisions (Miss. Art. 3, 2). 19, 1). States have rules in place to govern what legislatures or governors can do to citizen initiatives once they pass. Rev. 2 with the secretary of state (34 Okl.St.Ann. Art. 5, 1). The secretary of state writes arguments for and against the measure with information provided by proponents and opponents (Neb.Rev.St. 5, 1; C.R.S.A. 10% is require to suspend the law prior to the vote. Art. 116.060. Art. b. that Kennedy had a much stronger performance than Nixon during televised St. 32-1405.01; 32-1405.02; 32-1413, Ohio: OH Const. Art. The first statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the session during which the act was passed, Regular election (state, congressional or municipal) or a special election called by proper official or when 15% of voters petition for one. Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors of the state of Montana (MCA 13-27-102). Art. III, 3); next general election after the petition is regularly and legally filed with the secretary of state (NRS 32-1411). Statement of organization must be filed not later than 15 days after the committee made or received contributions or paid expenses in excess of $500. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must obtain a petition entity license before circulating petitions or paying circulators (CRS 1-40-135(2)). A veto referendum is a type of citizen-initiated ballot measure that asks voters whether to uphold or repeal a law passed by the state legislature, a city council, a county board of supervisors, or some other legislative body. 3, 50), Other subject restrictions: No appropriations or other new revenues not provided for in the measure (V.A.M.S. RCW 42.17A.205, 42.17A.235, 42.17A.250, 42.17A.260, 42.17A.265. Application process information: Text and proposed ballot statements are submitted to secretary of state. Who can sign the petition: Legal voters (IC 34-1805 and -1814). Repeat measures: Cannot be same as a measure at either of the two preceding biennial state elections (M.G.L.A. Registration must include the circulator's full name, residence address, phone number and email address; the petition for which the circulator will gather signatures; a statement that the circulator consents to the jurisdiction of the courts of Arizona in resolving any disputes concerning the circulation of petitions by the circulator; the address of the committee in Arizona for whom the circulator works and will accept service of process related to disputes; a notarized affidavit by the circulator (ARS 16-118). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to statewide ballot question committee must file pre-primary, pre-general, year-end and, if applicable, supplemental report and amendments (SDCL 12-27-22; SDCL 12-27-3). Art. Art. Art. Secretary of state shall print pamphlet of statements in support and against the measures along with the attorney general's title, explanation, and clear statement of a yes or no vote, and if possible, a fiscal statement (SDCL 12-13-23 and 25.1). Const. II, 9). 2, 3). A simplified explanation of the initiative process follows. 7-9-114). IV, 1). 168.22e; 168.476; 168.477; 168.480). Must also file with the secretary of state not less than four months before the election at which they are to be voted on (I.C. Director of elections, with approval of the state board of canvassers, drafts a statement of purpose of not more than 100 words for the ballot. Repeal or change restrictions: Cannot veto, and legislature may not repeal. Cal.Const. Const. V, 3 and OK Stat. Application process information: A petition requesting a referendum and suspension of the law must be signed by ten qualified voters and filed not more than 30 days after the law that is the subject of the petition has become law (Const. Art. Brexit Meaning and Impact: The Truth About the UK Leaving the EU Code 100). Ethics Commission rules 2.79, 2.80, 2.103, 2.109, 2.122. Types allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, direct initiative for constitutional amendments, and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (O.R.C. c. electors. can tune out. 8). See more. CONST. Art. Art. b. c. majority rules An estimated fiscal impact statement must be printed with any constitutional amendment or initiated or referred measure on the ballot. Read More, In case of sale of your personal information, you may opt out by using the link Do Not Sell My Personal Information. 3, 17(1)). Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on a quarterly basis (Rule 2.103 and 2.122). 3, 5). 4, ; Const. The measure can be amended by a three-fourths vote in a joint session. 21). A petition may only be rejected if two different sampling processes determine it does not have sufficient signatures. Verification: Random sampling (CRS 1-40-116). Law 6-205(d)). Art. d. the label for whoever is leading in the polls on the day of the election, 31. Lieutenant governor with assistance from attorney general, Secretary of state, approved by attorney general, Ark. For initiated state statutesorveto referendums, signatures must be gathered from 5% of qualified electors in each of one-third (34) of the state's 100 legislative districts. Voters have approved 158, an approval rate of 35.75%. 19-121. Art. a. increases political corruption at the polling booths. Art. 19-125), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No statute, Conflicting measures: The measure that receives the greatest number of affirmative votes (A.R.S. A petition organizer must register with the secretary of state. Other subject restrictions: Cannot require an expenditure of money unless a sufficient tax is provided (N.R.S. 2, 9; Const. Conflicting measures: Voters may choose one or reject both. Each county board certifies the signatures for their county, and the secretary of state verifies the second round of petition signatures for indirect statutory initiatives (OH Const. Number of signatures required: For indirect initiatives submitted to the legislature, 5 % of all votes cast for all candidates for U.S. president at the last general election. Amend. Verification: A random sample of 5% of the signatures is verified by county recorders (ARS 19-121.01(B)). 14, 3), Timeline for taking effect: Within 20 days after the election (5 ILCS 20/7), Repeal or change restrictions: Must go through full constitutional amendment process (ILCS Const. When does public opinion polling take place during a campaign? For amendments, 10% of total qualified electors of the state. Who can sign the petition: Registered qualified voters (Cal.Elec.Code 105, 9020, 9021), Geographic distribution: None, but may only sign petition circulated in the county of registration (Cal.Elec.Code 9021), Collected in-person: Yes (Cal.Elec.Code 100), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Written request with county election official before petition is filed (Cal.Elec.Code 103, 9602). personality clash? 116.050; 116.050). 19, 1 and NRS 293.12757). Proponent organization and requirements: Must file as political committee (F.S.A. XVI, 3(b)). Const. 11 5, Idaho: I.C. Art. Conflicting measures: The measure receiving largest number of affirmative votes is enacted (M.G.L.A. Art. Which election is a measure on: At general elections, except when a special election is ordered by the legislature (V.A.M.S. Attorney general aids summary. Verification: Counts total number and then takes 5 % random sample to verify signature accuracy (A.R.S. Referendum. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Petition title and summary creation: None specified for title, and summary "prepared by the person authorized by law" (M.C.L.A. 48, Init., Pt. Allowed to pay another for their signature: May not use "any fraudulent means, method, trick, device or artifice to obtain signatures on a petition" (A.R.S. 250.105). Const. Const. 19-118; 19-121). (EXAMPLE) What was the name of the act passed for the Referendum? If he finds it in proper form, he shall so certify. 1(9)). 5, 1), Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the election unless otherwise specified in the act (Ark. XVI, 4). Submission deadline of signatures: May 1 in the year of the election that the initiative will appear on, or 18 months from the date the petitioner receives the official ballot title from the secretary of state, whichever is earlier. 5, 1). St. 32-1408. If the random sample verification establishes that fewer than 95% of signatures are valid, the petition is deemed insufficient. Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Voter may withdraw signature by submitting to the secretary of state, before the petition is filed with the secretary of state, a sworn statement requesting that his or her signature be withdrawn and affirming the name of the petition signed, the name the voter used when signing the petition, the address of the voter and the county of residence (Mo.Rev.Stat. 48, Init., Pt. Who creates petitions: Petitioners, approved by secretary of state and attorney general (I.C. Stat. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/referendum, National Conference of State Legislatures - Initiative, Referendum and Recall, initiative, referendum, and recall - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). For citation information, please contact the NCSL Elections and Redistricting team. What distinguishes a ballot initiative from a referendum quizlet? General review of petition: Upon request, any agency in the executive department shall assist in reviewing and preparing comments on the petition (C.R.S.A. Verification: Random sampling (SDCL 2-1-16). XLVII, Pt. Legislature or other government official review: The chief petitioner may amend the initiative without having to re-submit if the attorney general reviews the changes and certifies that it does not change it substantially (O.R.S. Code Ann. Reports of contributions and expenditures must be filed no later than the eight day before the election, the 30th day after an election and the 15th day following the close of each calendar quarter. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (RCW 29A.72.030). Rev. 4, Pt. And must be filed four months before election. III, 2). Art. Alaska: 1956Arizona: 1911Arkansas: 1910California: 1911Colorado: 1912Florida: 1972Idaho: 1912Illinois: 1970Maine: 1908Massachusetts: 1918Michigan: 1908Mississippi: 1914Missouri: 1908Montana: 1904Nebraska: 1912Nevada: 1905North Dakota: 1914Ohio: 1912Oklahoma: 1907Oregon: 1902South Dakota: 1898Utah: 1900Washington 1912Wyoming: 1968. Application process information: Before circulation of an initiative or referendum petition for signatures, a copy shall be submitted to the attorney general who shall prepare a title and summary of the measure as provided by law. 2, 8). Const. Withdrawal process of individual signature: May cross out signature on petition prior to submission to clerk or by written statement expressing wish for withdrawal after the petitions are turned in to the clerk (I.C. Reports of contributions received and expenditures made must be filed at least seven days before any primary, special or general election. thousands of donors? V, 3 and OK Stat. 23-17-21). 250.137; 250.139; 250.125; 250.067; 250.127). 295.009. Code Ann. Where to file: Attorney general (Elec. Art. Art. Art. Const. Some states also include signatures to be gathered from across the state, although some of these requirements have been found to be unconstitutional. 14, 3, 10 ILCS 5/28-2, Massachusetts: M.G.L.A. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (Const. Which state requires voters to not wager on an election. Must have full text of the measure and names and addresses of the sponsors (NDCC Const. Signatures must be submitted no later than 18 months after the petition form was furnished by the secretary of state, and each signature is only valid for one year. Signature gathering begins on a date specified by the secretary of state and cannot be less than 15 or more than 30 days from the date when all appeals and rehearings have been resolved or have expired. 3, 50; V.A.M.S. Stat. Otherwise, they may submit an alternative measure. 5, 1; C.R.S.A. 5, 1). 4, Pt. Art. 3, 8). 23-17-47; 23-17-49; 23-17-51; 23-17-53). Petitions must be submitted by 5 p.m. on or before the 90th day after the recess of the legislature, or if the 90th day is a weekend or holiday, by 5 p.m. on the preceding day that is not a weekend or holiday. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Committees in support or opposition to a ballot measure are treated the same as political action committees.
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