After over 10 years of analyzing DNA samples from hundreds of people, the National Geographic Genographic Project (NGGP) surprisingly uncovered the fact that Egyptians are not Arabs as most of them believed. A huge number of Cairenes will have their lives upended. In the spring of 2019, it was announced that the Geno project had ended but results would remain available online until 2020. Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. [19] Concerns were that the knowledge gleaned from the research could clash with long-held beliefs of indigenous peoples and threaten their cultures. We are now in a position to review the reference group called Egyptian based as stated by GP on native Egyptians. I will use a few examples to help eventually in understanding the Egyptian reference population. In Cairo, alongside the Nile River, the first mile of a promenade called the Mamsha Ahl Misr (walkway of the Egyptian people) had just opened, affording sweeping views of the famed waterfront. I was not permitted to wander the new city unescorted. For that matter, the gleaming postmodern cityscape of the New Administrative Capital will seem aesthetically familiar to anyone who has visited Dubai. This government-induced mass migration is part of El Sisis greater remaking of Egypt, which involves relocating millions of citizens to newly constructed cities and developing an elaborate transportation network that will connect residents from Cairo to agricultural districts in the Nile Delta and all the way to the Mediterranean coast, 150 miles away. Its based on the paths your ancient ancestors took to migrate around the world. The ISOGG supports citizen participation in genetic research,[12] and believes such volunteers have provided valuable information and research to the professional scientific community.[13]. As the graph below shows, only 17 percent of Egyptians are Arabs, while 68 percent of the indigenous population is from North Africa, four percent are from Jewish ancestry, three percent are of East African origins, another three percent from Asia Minor and three percent are South European. Your email address will not be published. However, Egyptians DNA makeup also shows that 3% originates from Southern Europe, 3% from Asia Minor, 3% from Eastern Africa, and 4% from the Jewish Diaspora. [2] Upon retirement of the site, 1,006,542 participants in over 140 countries had joined the project. The DNA Analysis Repository is a central database that manages DNA data from around the world for the Genographic Project. For five years, IBM and National Geographic have conducted " The Genographic Project " as a landmark study of the human journey. The world of ancient Egypt is different from students' contemporary lives in many respects. All rights reserved, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Deeper into the neighbourhood, I encountered two middle-age sisters, Magda and Fattem, who tended a tiny grocery store where residents dropped by throughout the day to grab whatever they needed and returned at midnight to pay their bills in cash. I cant believe this is Egypt, she said. That same heavy hand also has sought to project an image of enlightenment and tolerancedecreeing, for example, that the new capitals Al Fattah Al Aleem mega-mosque open on January 6, 2019, the same day the citys 9,200-capacity Cathedral of the Nativity was inaugurated. Egypts population is growing by two million every year. At this stage the ancestry regions have also been further divided. Hundreds of houses on Warraq, a small island in the Nile, have been bulldozed to make way for hotels. The project analyzes mitochondrial, Y-chromosome, and autosomal DNA for over 300,000 markers in total. If you agree to contribute your results to this scientific research effort, National Geographic may ask you to provide Self-Reported Information in the My Profile section of the Genographic website. It is also found at lower frequencies north of the Sahara, in populations such as the Tunisians and Egyptians. Second: The Eastern Indian reference population. Particularly, the great concern about the possible political interest behind the Genographic Project, motivated the IPCB to preemptively alert the global indigenous community on the not so altruistic motivations[16] of the project. The East African component likely reflects localized movement up the navigable Nile River, while the Southern Europe and Asia Minor components reflect the geographic and historical role of Egypt as a historical player in the economic and cultural growth across the Mediterranean region.. The elevated guideways for the monorail lurched over the dusty streets like concrete skeletons. Breasted describes it as a borderland between the desert and the mountains a kind of cultivable fringe of the desert, having the mountains on one side and the desert on the other, and forming roughly a semicircle with the open side toward the south. They obviously found that these two ancestry regions are different genetically (the Southern European includes people of Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Greek descent; while North Africa includes people of Moroccan, Tunisian, Algerian, Libyan, ant Egyptian descent). A guide to Exploring Your Journey (Genographic Project). At the entrance of the City of Arts and Culture, an obelisk from the reign of Ramses II has been moved from the earlier capital city of Tanis to this one, in newly restored condition. National Geographic's Genographic Project has been around since 2005, making it one of the earliest genetics tests. Already, Umm Abdus shop had been chased out of one swiftly razed neighbourhood, although the government had compensated her. Thirdly, according to National Geographic Genographic Project, Armenian DNA through the Y chromosome has a direct link to Pharaoh Akhenaten and his son King Tut; thus, directly linked to all the Pharaohs of Egypt, which proves that Armenians were the progenitors of Ancient Egypt. Finding our origins: The Genographic Project uses genetics to map the Egypt | National Geographic This morning the New York Times reported that the National Geographic Society has launched the Genographic Project . The goal: to retrace our ancestral . It was unified around 3100 B.C.E. Dirty, dirty.. Not long after we spoke, Abdeen resigned, ostensibly for health reasons but amid reports of costly flaws in some of the buildings. The case of Lebanon proves that the results of Geno 2.0 are inaccurate, and also throws a shadow of doubt on those of Geno 2.0 Next Generation. Photograph by Nick Hannes, Panos Pictures. Our number one goal was to relieve the overcrowding and the traffic, Ahmed Zaki Abdeen, who was overseeing the development at the time of my visit, told me as we sat in his office, situated among the government ministries in the new capital. Still, the citys designers have taken some pains to reflect Egyptian history. The IPCB recommended against indigenous people participating.[15]. UNPFII conducted investigations into the objectives of the Genographic Project, and recommended that National Geographic and other sponsors suspend the project. It is composed of a wide variety of ethnicities and religions, just like in Egypt, including Muslim, Christian and Druze. GP forgets to mention that it is largely the effect of the slave trade up the Nile where millions were captured in slave raids (razzias, from Arabic ghza/ ) by Arab slave hunters from east and central Africa and transferred down the Egypt to Egypt and North Africa among other places. Through their world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Nat Geo gets you . After over 10 years of analyzing DNA samples from hundreds of people, the National Geographic Genographic Project (NGGP) surprisingly uncovered the fact that Egyptians are not Arabs as most of them believed. The project helped pioneer the now common. Implicit in this narrative of Egyptian history is the argument that relocating ones capital constitutes a momentous but also somewhat customary turn of events. The autosomal admixture analysis developed by Wells and Elhaik classifies individuals by assessing their proportions of genomic ancestry related to nine ancestral regions: East Asian, Mediterranean, Southern African, Southwest Asian, Oceanian, Southeast Asian, Northern European, Sub-Saharan African and Native American. As to why Egypt has elected to do so, the Capitals Museum offers a clue. Here, everything will be orderly and polishedand gigantic: the tallest office building in Africa, the continents biggest mosque and biggest cathedral, a public gathering area twice as long as New York Citys Central Park. IBM100 - The Mapping of Humanity's Family Tree The test provided a genetic report on a person's ancestry and genealogy. Humanity's Map. The Human Family Tree - National Geographic Channel - Asia Egypt Country Profile - National Geographic Kids In April 2005, National Geographic and IBM, with funding from the Waitt Family Foundation (Gateway computers), launched the Genographic Project as a five-year "research partnership" that aims to "trace the migratory history of the human species" and "map how the Earth was populated." Type Symposium Information Somehow, by the end of the decade, this view would also encompass millions of residents. Humanity's Map - National Geographic In 2019, the president of Indonesia declared his intention to create a new capital on Borneo to relieve the population pressures in Jakarta, which is slowly sinking because its wells pump out too much groundwater. Ancient Egypt - National Geographic Society The centuries-old square, one of the citys best known, is surrounded by cultural landmarks and historic buildings. Four decades later, to relieve congested Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia moved its administrative and judicial offices two dozen miles south, to Putrajaya. Suspicious of the media in a country that does not exactly embrace the virtues of a free press, they declined to tell me their last name, but Fattem poured me some tea, and they described with chagrin how Bulaq had changed. DNA Project Ideas for High School - The Classroom Genetic study offers comprehensive and divers | EurekAlert! From its inception until 2015, the project was led by Spencer Wells, an explorer-in-residence at the National Geographic Society, before he left to found Austin, Texas-based Insitome. The Atlas Of Human Migration Global Patterns Of People On The Move In this Oz-like urban miracle, one rather idiosyncratic building, already finished, stands out: Egypts Capitals Museum. Since its launch in 2005, National Geographic's Genographic Project has used advanced DNA analysis and worked with indigenous communities to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. Thirteen thousand workers, all of them with phonesyet no photos! he said with relish. National Geographic Partners, LLC is a joint venture of the National Geographic Society and 21st Century Fox. These findings will be highlighted today at a conference at the . The Genographic Project was launched in 2005 by The National Geographic Society. We have seen in Geno 2.0 that the Egyptian genetic blend was found to be composed of three components representing ancestry regions: Mediterranean, Southwestern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. (Egypts new museum is fit for a pharaoh). For now, the capital dwellers consist principally of construction workers, thousands of whom are Chinese, since Chinas state-owned construction firm is the contractor for the Iconic Tower. It obviously recognised that the Indian subcontinent is a huge area with many ethno-religio-linguistic groups; however, the four reference groups it set up were inadequate as each of these groups is further divided into more ethnicities with different histories. The Genographic Project Geno 2.0 Next - National Geographic There are security implications to any development project that involves the seat of government, but it can be fairly said that the administration of El SisiEgypts former minister of defence, who took power in 2013 by means of a coupseeks to maintain a firm grip on how the country is portrayed. If you agree to contribute your results to this effort, your Genographic Genetic Information will be made available to National Geographic Society-affiliated and third party researchers for research purposes. Genetic anthropologists do not only determine ancestry regions and analyse the DNA of individuals to tell them of their ancestry migration history. This is an emerging branch of science that combines DNA testing with archaeological, historical and linguistic evidence to reveal the history of ancient human migration, and to answer the questions, Where did we come from, and how did we get here?[1] What we are about here in our Egyptian context is to find out where did the modern Egyptians, thats the individuals described as indigenous Egyptians or native Egyptians come from, and how they get into Egypt of today. In the lobby of the Drama Hall, large images of pharaohs playing senet, a precursor to chess, and enjoying musical performances remind visitors that familiar aspects of contemporary culture took root here. All rights reserved. If you purchased your kit from Helix's online store or from any other non-National Geographic vendor, contact Helix customer service at support@helix.com or at 844-211-2070, Monday through Friday from 8:00am - 5:00pm . [18] Ultimately, TallBear's argument is in close agreement with Harry's concerns regarding the Genographic Project and serves as a significant force motivating IPCB to advocate against Biocolonialism. Testing for Nat Geo was first performed by Gene By Gene, a laboratory in Houston, Texas, and then it was switched to Helix, a laboratory in San Diego, CA. The Bottom Line. The Irish, Scottish and English have different genetic makeup although they greatly share in the Great Britain and Ireland ancestry region genetic blend. Genographic Project - DNA Deep Ancestry Study - Refinery29 As discussed below in the section entitled Treatment of Non-Genetic Personal Information, information that is not what we define as Genographic Genetic Information or Self-Reported Information, including information we collect from and about you when you visit our other websites or purchase the Geno 2.0 Next Gen Helix Product, is governed by the privacy policy posted on the website or app on which that information is collected. Genographic Projects: Early humans left Africa via Arabia This ancient Himalayan kingdom has been isolated from the worlduntil now, The Tower of London has impressedand terrifiedpeople for nearly 1,000 years, How National Geographic photographed Queen Elizabeth II, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society. One of the largest was the growth of Islam, centred in modern-day Saudi Arabia., It adds: Today, this ancestral component occurs at highest frequency in people from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, and Iraq.. Then by the aid of historical, archaeological and linguistic knowledge, they are able to suggest the timing and the triggering events that prompted our ancestors to move from one ancestry region to the other until we came to our current place, which will all leave a trace in our own genetic makeup as we inherit mutations from all the regions our ancestors had passed through in their long journey. It is a research project from the National Geographic Society which encompass work carried out by their scientific team. Compare with, e.g., the British reference group: the British genetic pool has only 3% of the Jewish component. The sprawling nearby neighbourhood known as the Maspero Triangle was in the middle of a drastic face-lift. My guide for the City of Arts and Culture happened to be its senior engineer, Ahmed el Daly. National Geographic's DNA Analysis Concludes that Egyptians are Only 17 At that point, you may view your results through your account at www.genographic.com. However, no method of transmitting or storing electronic data is ever completely secure, and therefore we cannot warrant or guarantee that such information will never be accessed, used or released in a manner that is inconsistent with this privacy policy. SOUTH NAKNEK, Alaska The National Geographic Society's multimillion-dollar research project to collect DNA from indigenous groups around the world in the hopes of . Family Tree DNA - ISOGG Wiki BBC News science reporter. In a 2013 speech to the Southern California Genealogical Society, Spencer Wells discussed its encouragement of citizen scientists. By analysing the genomes of individuals, they are further able to tell us of our specific migration journey of our ancestors throughout history and across the world. Using data from National Geographic's Genographic Project, it showed that sampled Egyptians, for example, were only 17% "Arabian" on average, while Kuwaitis were 84% Arabian, Lebanese 44%, Iranians 56%, and Tunisians 4%. Research conducted by the National Geographic Genographic Project, a multi-year global initiative that uses DNA to map the history of human migration, is helping unravel the timing and source of . Genographic - FamilyTreeDNA Learning Center Family Tree DNA created the 2014 Y-DNA Haplotree in partnership with the National Geographic Genographic Project using the proprietary GenoChip. Published 19 Oct 2022, 16:00 BST. In this Part III I shall present the Egyptian results and explain them. Launched in April 2005, the collaboration between IBM and the National Geographic Society is creating a comprehensive knowledge base of our shared genetic heritage, a unique resource that continues to refine our understanding of . Such risks, raised by Harry in an interview released in December 2005,[17] were used to advocate against the indigenous participation in the project. By Paul Rincon. Here is the history. The region includes the area south of the Sahara Desert, east of the Congo rain forests and Africas Great Rift Valley and west of the Indian Ocean Historically, this region saw an influx of Bantu speakers and the eventual conversion to pastoralists [sheep or cattle farmers], a population well adapted to the wide-open savannas. You may order the Geno 2.0 Next Generation Genographic Project Participation and DNA Ancestry Kit from National Geographic's Genographic Project. These help answer people's questions about ethnicity, race, and the overall . Grand Egyptian Museum opens its doors for visits before official opening, Over 72% of Egyptians shopped online more since coronavirus outbreak: Report, UAE denies banning entry of Egyptians over coronavirus, China holds 2 Egyptians possibly suspected of coronavirus, Robert De Niro may make guest appearance in Ahmed al-Awadys coming movie, In a first, Egypt announces discovery of a statue of Buddha, GERD turbines not working for 2nd month in a row: expert. National Geographic DNA Test Kit: Geno 2.0 Next Generation (Ancestry Contrast this with Kuwait, whose population on average have 84% Arabian genes, or even Iran, with 56% Arab genes, though no Persian will ever say they're an Arab. National Geographic's Geno 2.0 Review - The best DNA test? Additionally, IPCB argues that the Genographic project not only provides no direct benefit to Indigenous peoples but instead raises considerable risks. GP published two results for the Egyptian reference population, one based on the Geno 2.0 findings and the other on the findings of the more refined Geno 2.0 Next Generation. The government has revealed few details about the construction, including where all the money is coming from for this building boom, except to insist that it wont cost Egyptian taxpayers anything. The whole Genographic Project (GP) was an exercise in genetic anthropology. This version has a Genographic Project Participant ID code that begins with the letters XT. GP says that this component is found at highest frequency in the people of Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among the Bantu languages such as the Yoruba and Luhya in its reference populations. Otherwise, the eerie silence in the desert city, broken intermittently by the growling of construction machinery, underscored the projects degree of difficulty. We have seen in Geno 2.0 that the Egyptian genetic blend was found to be composed of three components representing ancestry regions: Mediterranean, Southwestern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. It's anthropologically fascinating, but look elsewhere for more personal . National Geographics treatment of Non-Genetic Personal Information is governed by the privacy policy posted on the National Geographic website or app on which the information is collected, and not this privacy policy, which applies only to the Genographic Genetic Information as that term is used herein and any email address you provided to participate in the Genographic program. National Geographic 21.2M subscribers Subscribe 77K views 9 years ago Visit http://www.genographic.com to learn more about the Genographic Project. Today, the ancestral component occurs at highest frequency in people from Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalis, Uganda, and Tanzania.. A few months ago, it switched over to Helix's next-generation sequencing. The business district, with its 77-story Iconic Tower, is still under construction. [14], Shortly after the announcement of the project in April 2005, the Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism (IPCB) noted its connections to controversial issues (such as concern among some tribes that the results of genetic human migration studies might indicate that Native Americans are not indigenous to North America). In a drive to modernize, Egypt plans to move millions of people to new desert cities, including a seat of government east of Cairo. The Genographic Project, launched on 13 April 2005 by the National Geographic Society and IBM, was a genetic anthropological study (sales discontinued on 31 May 2019) that aimed to map historical human migrations patterns by collecting and analyzing DNA samples. An upscale area called the Latin Quarter was offering four-bedroom seaside chalets for as little as 200,000. The American Journal of Human Genetics 82, 873-882, April 2008.
