Recent research reveals that the social media usage has been rapidly increased in higher education. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Gen Z respondents from Europe and Oceania were most likely to report negative impacts from social media, and respondents from Asia were least likely (32 percent and 19 percent, respectively). Results of confirmatory factor analysis. The sorts of interventions needed to moderate the potential negative effects of social networking on them can be different too, all requiring a new line of research in education domain. Similarly, governments can play a prominent and significant role in reducing the amount and frequency of cyberbullying. February 2, 2022. Creative students have more curiosity, come up with novel ideas and out of the box solutions. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. In order to get a perspective on ethical or moral judgment, this study was guided generally by the theory in moral philosophy namely Moral Development of Lawrence Kohlberg. These findings were discussed in relation to some more relevant theories such as the social comparison theory, which predicted that most of the potential issues with the young generations excessive use of social media were induced by the unfair comparisons they made between their own lives and the unrealistic portrayal of others on social media. The theories of motivation guide that the external factors affect individuals intrinsic motivation for learning (Garske and Arkes Citation1982; McAuley, Duncan, and Tammen Citation1989). Behav. Radovic, A., Gmelin, T., Stein, B. D., and Miller, E. (2017). The comparison theory can hold true for teachers too. Stud. April 25, 2023 7:20 a.m. For years, the research picture on how social media affects teen mental health has been murky. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in a medical school over a period of 3 months (Nov 2018-Jan 2019), where 400 medical undergraduates who use social media participated in the study. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.05.002, Charoensukmongkol, P. (2018). This can be uniting and dividing. challenges in the use of some social media platforms. Although a handful of studies have been conducted to explain the reasons for the excessive usage of social media, still literature on the consequences of using social media is limited, especially for higher education students. 28, 225262. Table 2. Certainly, the educational space in todays world cannot do without the social media, which has turned into an integral part of everybodys life. The data were collected with the help of a questionnaire designed for gathering the students' opinions about the digital technologies and social media. It means that the effect of addiction on depression was compounded by low self-esteem through rumination. Psycho-emotional impact of social media emojis. (Citation2020), identified that the utilisation of social media is connected positively with the intrinsic motivation of students which further leads to higher academic performance. Social media has turned into an essential element of individuals lives including students in todays world of communication. If you answered no to Q2, then would you be interested in using Social Media as an educational tool? Before getting down to the effects of social media on students emotional well-being, some exemplary works of research in recent years on the topic among general populations are reviewed. In another work of research, Drouin et al. 34, 153171. 32, 10601073. In particular, it tells us that the utility of social media shouldnt only be considered for recreational purposes but it has several other benefits in academia as it increases the engagement and creativity of learners in academic activities. To examine the discriminant validity, we followed the procedure recommended by Fornell and Larcker (Citation1981). Tools like bully tracer software and other similar practices can also be used to avoid cyberbullying when using social media for academic purposes. In todays world driven by global communications in the cyberspace, teachers like everyone else are affecting and being affected by social networking. If those somehow in charge of student affairs in educational settings are aware of the potential positive or negative effects of social media usage on students, they can better understand the complexities of students needs and are better capable of meeting them. Rafferty and Vander Ven (Citation2014, 364), described cyberbullying as repeated unwanted, hurtful, harassing, and or threatening interaction through electronic communication media. This consistent use of social media is not expected to leave students psychological, affective and emotional states untouched. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Communicating information from the school to parents. Zhang, R. (2017). The results revealed that the digital technologies and social networking sites have negative impact on students' studying and habits. Our research has some practical contributions for academicians, students, and the general public. In 2019, the number of social media users was 3.84 billion people, and every year this number is increasing at the rate of 9% (Global Digital Report Citation2019-We Are Social, Citation2019). The . Laura Tierney. Citation2020). An investigation of the impact of media capabilities and extraversion on social presence and user satisfaction. Citation2020), the exchange of ideas (Ahmed et al. Gender Behav. Investigating cyberbullying as a boundary condition in our model adds value to our research as this helps us to understand the condition in which student utilisation of social media is linked with affirmative outcomes. Hum. Frontiers | The effect of social media on the development of students 7, 117140. These researchers also showed that social media sources can exert negative affective impacts on teenagers, as they can induce more envy and social comparison. (Citation2017). Soc. Results reported in our Table 2 reveal that the item loading are higher than the threshold value of 0.60 as recommended by Hair et al. Stud. Our study found that student use of social media is positively related with students intrinsic motivation which is subsequently related to students engagement and students creativity in academia. These researchers found that the use of social media for more than 2 h a day was correlated with a higher intensity of psychological distress. Pers. 27, 6979. UC Davis researchers found that people engage both inside and outside their communities on Twitter, especially during world events. 8, 257262. These researchers found a negative correlation between the time spent on social networking and mental distress. (Citation2007). These results validate the moderating role of Cyberbullying on the association between usage of social media usage by students and students intrinsic motivation. Important practical and theoretical implications as well as limitations and directions for future research have been discussed. Many studies such as [2, 3, 4] have questioned the impact of social media usage on the academic performance of students in other countries such as USA, Nigeria and Pakistan.In fact, in Saudi Arabia, it exists some researches that examine the impact of social media usage on students' academic performance like [5, 6] but the particularity No significant correlation was found between these two variables. Usage of social media by students may motivate them in several ways, for instance, by showing examples of other high achieving students, by providing facilities in terms of easily available study material, and by connecting them with other students working in the same field. Thus, the same research designs with the same academic grade students and even the same age groups can lead to different findings concerning the effects of social media on student psychology in different countries. These researchers investigated the emotional effects of social media in higher education and found that the socially supportive role of social media was overshadowed in the long run in university students lives and, instead, fed into their perceived depression, anxiety, and stress. 46, 269283. These effects have been explored more among school students in the age range of 1318 than university students (above 18), but some studies were investigated among college students as well. An increasing number of educational institutions are using social media for promotional reasons. 1-2 hours 3-4 4 + Other (please specify) 3. We also plotted a graphical diagram to understand the moderating role of Cyberbullying on the relationship between students use of social media and students intrinsic motivation. (2018) showed that though social media is expected to act as a form of social support for the majority of university students, it can adversely affect students mental well-being, especially for those who already have high levels of anxiety and depression. For another, Tang et al. Note: Loadings:= Factor Loading, CA=Cronbachs alpha; CR=composite reliability; AVE=average variance extracted. In the era of technology, bullying on the internet has become a serious issue in several contexts (Watts et al. Citation2020) in academia. Received: 03 August 2022; Accepted: 25 August 2022;Published: 15 September 2022. Taking up this research gap, we attempt to explore the association among use of social media and its positive consequences, for example, academic engagement and creativity. The higher education population was also studied by Iwamoto and Chun (2020). As the majority of studies on the psychological effects of social media on student life have been conducted on school students than in higher education, it seems it is too soon to make any conclusive remark on this population exclusively. Social media and depression symptoms: A network perspective. the impact of social media platforms on students' academic activities and to found out the . MasonNLP+ at SemEval-2023 Task 8: Extracting Medical Questions doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.043, Keywords: affective variables, education, emotions, social media, post-pandemic, emotional needs, Citation: Chen M and Xiao X (2022) The effect of social media on the development of students affective variables. Also, teachers can mediate between learners and social media to manipulate the time learners spend on social media. Note: N=267, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, M=mean; SD=standard deviation. at 1 SD above the mean, and at 1 SD below the mean). Second, our model tested intrinsic motivation as a mediating variable between the association of social media utilisation by the students and its optimistic outcomes. The stress-buffering effect of self-disclosure on Facebook: An examination of stressful life events, social support, and mental health among college students. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.11.010, Vernon, L., Modecki, K. L., and Barber, B. L. (2017). These research highlights motivate us to suppose that intrinsic motivation may play the mediating role in the associations of student social media utilisation and its consequences (e.g. Social media represents a virtual simulation of everyday life and this means that you can gather useful information about human behavior by observing interactions as they occur on these channels. Citation2016). PDF Impact of Social Media among Students' Behaviors in Tertiary There is the . (2015) tested the relationship between too much use of social networking and depression, yet found no statistically significant correlation between these two variables. The teachers cannot always be in a full control of students use of social media, and the other fact is that students do not always and only use social media for educational purposes. Our results are in line with student involvement theory (Astin Citation1984) and recent research, which has shown an association among social media utilisation by the students and its positive consequences, such as student creativity and academic performance (Malik et al. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2014.926677, Wang, P., Wang, X., Wu, Y., Xie, X., Wang, X., Zhao, F., et al. Impacts of new technologies on media usage and social behavior in domestic environments. learning environment for students. Our results further reveal that cyberbullying is negatively associated with students engagement in academia (B=0.11, t=2.08, and p<0.01) and the interaction term between students use of social media and Cyberbullying is significant (B=0.18, t=3.35, and p<.0.01), thereby supporting our H3a. Potentials, Pitfalls, and Future Directions in Creativity Research, Sources of Method Bias in Social Science Research and Recommendations on how to Control it, I Hate Everything About you: A Qualitative Examination of Cyberbullying and on-Line Aggression in a College Sample, Technology use, Self-Directed Learning, Student Engagement and Academic Performance: Examining the Interrelations, Involvement in Traditional and Electronic Bullying among Adolescents, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Media Usage: an Empirical Study on Facebook, A Self-Determination Theory Perspective on Student Engagement, Learning Environments That Support Student Creativity: Developing the SCALE, Social Media at the University: a Demographic Comparison, Using Online Social Media to Support Preservice Student Engagement, How Motivation Influences Student Engagement: a Qualitative Case Study, Computer-based Technology and Student Engagement: a Critical Review of the Literature, Cyberbullying, School Bullying, and Psychological Distress: A Regional Census of High School Students, Knowledge Management, Social Media and Employee Creativity, Intrinsic Motivation and Engagement as Active Ingredients in Garden-Based Education: Examining Models and Measures Derived from Self-Determination Theory, Fostering Student Creativity Through Teacher Behaviors, Staying Back and Dropping out: The Relationship Between Grade Retention and School Dropout, Scholarly use of Social Media and Altmetrics: A Review of the Literature, Social Media as an Open-Learning Resource in Medical Education: Current Perspectives, Openness to Experience Enhances Creativity: The Mediating Role of Intrinsic Motivation and the Creative Process Engagement, Effects of Student Engagement with Social Media on Student Learning: A Review of Literature, Understanding the Role of Social Influence in Piquing Curiosity and Influencing Attitudes and Behaviors in a Social Network Environment, A Dynamic Longitudinal Examination of Social Media use, Needs, and Gratifications among College Students, Cyberbullying in Higher Education: A Literature Review, Unfolding Deconstructive Effects of Negative Shocks on Psychological Contract Violation, Organizational Cynicism, and Turnover Intention, Evaluating Student Motivation and Engagement in the Chinese EFL Writing Context, Linking Empowering Leadership and Employee Creativity: The Influence of Psychological Empowerment, Intrinsic Motivation, and Creative Process Engagement. Now, we move to the studies that more specifically explored the effects of social media on students affective states. However still, we believe that a longitudinal research design or an experimental laboratory study may enhance the validity of testing our model. (2018) reported that individuals who spent more time passively working with social media suffered from more intense levels of hopelessness, loneliness, depression, and perceived inferiority. Intrinsic Motivation as a Mediator. (2018). doi: 10.1111/ajpy.12034. Citation2015; Yang et al. They found a significant positive correlation between more than 2-h use of social networks and the intensity of anxiety. Interaction between social media usage, intrinsic motivation, and cybe bullying. Our company (FIRSTKEY HOMES) is located at 1850 Parkway Pl Suite 900, Marietta, GA 30067, United States. We believe that the utilisation of social media may increase the individuals intrinsic motivation as social media by students may enhance their interest in academia (W. Al-Rahmi and Othman Citation2013; Wang, Tchernev, and Solloway Citation2012). It should be reminded that the alleged socially supportive and communicative promises of the prevalent use of social networking in student life might not be fully realized in practice. This study was sponsored by Wuxi Philosophy and Social Sciences bidding projectSpecial Project for Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Workers in the New Form of Employment (Grant No. Innovative research methods, case studies or else, can be used to further explore the causal relations among the different features of social media use and the development of different affective variables in teachers or learners. The main survey tool, a social media questionnaire on awareness, use, and satisfaction with a selection of social media, shows how students assess the suitability of these platforms for learning. Social media activity showed to be positively and moderately associated with depression and anxiety. The job is pretty simple and straightforward. Though teacher psychology has only recently been considered for research, the literature has provided profound insights into teachers developing stress, motivation, self-esteem, and many other emotions. In their research, the social media resources were found to be stress-inducing for half of the participants, all university students. Good. Vygotskys mediational theory (see Fernyhough, 2008) can be regarded as a main theoretical background for the support of social media on learners affective states. The findings of this study shed insight on how students use on-line social networking sites, the time spent and the kind of information sought. A total 50 students from each of the selected schools will be issued a questionnaire to fill for the study. Assoc. Whatsapp (98.25%) and Youtube (91.75%) were the most commonly used social media applications.
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